First Quarter Book Analysis on Great Expectations Essay

In Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations, Pip, the main protagonist in the story, is very idealistic and yearns to become a gentleman. He wants to better himself and rise above his humble origins in hopes of winning over his love Estella. Pip is also a very kind man and cares about the ones who are close to him. However, he is also a very arrogant man, and he does not see what his arrogance costs him, until he learns that true happiness in life does not come from wealth or status. Pip has an idealistic desire to become a gentleman, to elevate his status in life, and to impress the beautiful girl Estella who he has fallen in love with her due to her charming appearance. He demonstrates this trait on many occasions. Such as when he tells Biddy that he is â€Å"not happy as I am†¦ I am disgusted with my calling and with my life,† and â€Å"I want to be a gentleman.† He also displays his idealism as he strives to educate himself and become â€Å"uncommon,† by having Biddy â€Å"impart all her learning to me†¦ it appeared to me that it would take time to become uncommon†¦ nevertheless: I resolved to try it.† He further exhibits this trait by continually trying to win over Estella even though she only gives him discomfort â€Å"everything in our intercourse did give me pain†¦.I could put no trust in it, and build no hope on it; and yet I went on against trust and against hope.† In his idealistic desire to become a gentleman and to win over Estella he believes he will live a much happier life once his goal is achieved. Pip’s ambitiousness, however, is replaced with contentment as experience reveals to him that happiness is not gained through being a gentleman and that the true beauty of a person lies within their heart and not in their outward appearances. Pip is also a very kind man. He displays his kindness in trying to help his friend Herbert out of debt by helping his business ventures begin â€Å"how I could best try with my resources to help Herbert to some present income†¦ and gradually buy him on to some small partnership.† Pip also displays kindness in his actions towards Magwitch as he constantly worries for his safety â€Å"Were I might go, what I might do, or when I might return, were questions utterly unknown to me; nor did I vex my mind with them, for it was wholly set on Provis’s safety.† After the failed attempt to smuggle Magwitch out of the country, Pip continues to visit him every day when he is in prison as he tells him â€Å"I will never stir from your side when I am suffered to be near you. Please God I will be true to you, as you have been true to me.† Pip was true to his promise and was faithful to Magwitch to the day of his death. Pip is also very arrogant in his actions; this is seen in his ungrateful treatment towards Joe and Biddy when he has come of great expectations. When Joe comes to visit Pip, his feeling towards this was â€Å"not with pleasure† and â€Å"if I could have kept him away by paying money, I certainly would have paid money.† He did not think there was â€Å"anything low and small in my keeping away from Joe† and he almost wants nothing to do with him even though he â€Å"was bound to him by so many ties.† He also displays his arrogance in his treatment towards Biddy. When he asked Biddy why she received him â€Å"coming down here often to see Joe† â€Å"with a marked silence† Biddy asks him if he in fact will come down often, to which Pip took insult to, as a â€Å"very bad side of human nature!† even though he knows he won’t come back â€Å"Once more the mists were rising†¦ if they disclosed to me†¦ that I should not come back†¦ all I can say is, they were quite right.† However, Pip does not remain arrogant and a change overtakes him. After his encounter with Magwitch his benefactor, he realizes the true worth of his companions and how wrong he was in his treatment towards them â€Å"my repugnance to him had melted away†¦ I only saw a man who meant to be my benefactor and who felt affectionately, gratefully, and generously towards me with a great consistency through a series of years. I only saw in him, a much better man than I had been to Joe.† Pip has become humbled by his experience and decides he will return to the forge to marry Biddy. However, in his arrogance in trying to win over Estella and casting Biddy and Joe aside, he was too late, as Biddy had married Joe. However Pip is changed by his mistakes and is now very grateful towards Joe and Biddy and sorry for his treatment towards them, â€Å"receive my humble thanks for all you have done for me, and all I have so ill repaid!†¦ and now†¦ pray tell me, both, that you f orgive me!† Through his experiences he is now a humble man and not the ungrateful arrogant person he once was. Pip was a very kind man., but he was also arrogant and vainly idealistic in thinking the way to better himself was through wealth and status. These traits, through his experiences, are transformed and he is now humble and content, as he learns a hard lesson that true happiness does not come from wealth or status, as was his idealistic view, but from a contentment that comes only from within. Pip has become a true â€Å"gentleman.† In Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations, the main character of the story, Pip, struggles personally with a man vs. self-conflict as he struggles about his status in life. This conflict within him begins after a visit to the Satis house, where he meets Miss Havisham and Estella. He is greatly offended by Estella’s insults towards him â€Å"what coarse hands he has. And what thick boots!† and he begins to feel ashamed of his personal appearance, â€Å"I took the opportunity†¦ to look at my coarse hands and common boots†¦ They had never troubled me before, but they troubled me now, as vulgar appendages.† He also begins to feel ashamed of his upbringing â€Å"I wished Joe had been more genteelly brought up, and then I should have been so too.† This continues as Estella brings him food and a mug of beer and does not even look at him, much the way one would feed a stray dog, leaving Pip feeling utterly dejected, â€Å"I was so humiliated, hurt, spurned, offended, angry, sorry – I cannot hit upon the right name for the smart – God knows what the name was.† Pip hangs his head and cries in shame. This conflict intensifies over the course of one year, as Pip grows more ashamed of his home, a place that once afforded him comfort. â€Å"It’s a most miserable thing to be ashamed of home†¦ But, Joe had sanctified it, and I believed in it†¦ now it was all coarse and common.† As his status changes, the conflict continues to escalate after he has come to â€Å"great expectations.† In his rise to â€Å"property† he believed that he would live a much happier life as a gentleman â€Å"No more low wet grounds, no more dykes and sluices, no more of these grazing cattle†¦ henceforth I was for London and greatness: not for smith’s work.† However, he did not live a happy life, and his conscience plagued him â€Å"As I had grown accustomed to my expectations†¦ Their influence on my own character†¦ I knew very well that it was not at all good.† â€Å"I lived in a chronic state of uneasiness in my behavior towards Joe. M y conscience was not by any means comfortable about Biddy.† He in fact was living quite miserably â€Å"We were always more or less miserable†¦ I detested the chambers beyond expression,† â€Å"I should have been happier†¦ if I had risen to manhood content to be partners with Joe in the old honest forge.† Pip’s conflict reaches its climax and resolution when he discovers his benefactor. The climax is reached upon discovering that Magwitch, the convict he met so long ago in the marshes, is indeed his benefactor â€Å"the dread I had of him†¦ could not have been exceeded if he had been some terrible beast.† He now wishes that he had never come of his expectations and realizes what a fool he was â€Å"O, that he had never come! That he had left me at the forge – far from contented, yet, by comparison happy!† â€Å"I began to fully know how wrecked I was, and how the ship in which I sailed was gone to pieces†¦ But, sharpest and deepest pain of all – it was for the convict†¦ that I had deserted Joe.† His conflict reaches its resolution after Magwitch is arrested and his expectations have departed. However, he is able to see the good in Magwitch and began to care for him greatly as his â€Å"repugnance to him had melted away.† He finally realizes that he does not need wealth, nor does he need to elevate his status, in order to be happy. As he â€Å"lived happily†¦ and lived frugally† with his dear friend Herbert, he is no longer ashamed of his humble beginnings and is content with his place in society.

Justice in Silas Marner

Justice in Silas Marner ‘At the end of Silas Marner, there is a feeling that justice has been done: that the bad have been punished and the good rewarded. ’ To what extent is this statement true? For centuries, the definition of justice has been disputed over by wise men of all countries. Through the works of Plato, the views of Socrates are recorded for all to read and reflect upon. He believed that justice was good, and the good could only be attained through self-knowledge.In the Republic, Socrates defines justice as ‘working at that which he is naturally best suited,’ and ‘to do one’s own business and not to be a busybody’. George Eliot induces her personal opinions in and further elucidates her nineteenth century readers on the very real and prevalent issue of justice by intertwining several cases between characters in her novel Silas Marner, cleverly using terms that can be interpreted in various ways and presenting as clearly progr essing throughout.Justice is shown to have prevailed at the end of Silas Marner by contrasting it with injustice in the beginning, as the reader becomes familiarized with Silas’s situation and standing with justice. After leaving the vestry, Silas murmurs, ‘. . . there is no just God that governs the earth righteously, but a God of lies, that bears witness against the innocent. ’ This critical attitude towards his environment and world devoid of God not only sets the stage for the story but also provides contrast and room for development with the theme of justice so that the rectification in the end of the novel is represented as profound and significant.Silas has been hurt severely by the shortcomings of his friend, his fiancee and the religious systems and practices in which he had been indoctrinated with for many years like the drawing of lots and prayer independent of any actions (like defending himself verbally and not just leaving it to God to clear him). T his injustice upon Silas Marner is exacerbated by the figurative justice done to one who was undeserving – a manipulative Dunstan Cass.Although not to be taken literally, by Dunstan Cass’s utterance ‘you do me justice, I see’, in response to Godfrey’s accurate description of him, it serves as a taunting echo to highlight the unfairness in the beginning of the novel. This was soon to be stopped by the protagonist himself – Silas Marner. George Eliot portrays Silas Marner as seeking to restore fairness after experiencing another injustice as if it was the last straw when he says, ‘I’ve been robbed!I want the constable—and the Justice—and Squire Cass—and Mr. Crackenthorp. ’ Although ‘Justice’ is in reference to Justice Malam, it is clear that Eliot wanted her readers to construe it as also justice in the non-titular sense; the proper name ‘Malam’ was only introduced later in the chapter. In this sense of the word, Silas ‘want[ed] . . . the Justice’ as if it was a definite and universal object with the use of the definite article and the capitalization of ‘justice’.This shows the progression from injustice to justice. While external justice was developing, Silas needed to take an introspective approach and check if he was disadvantaging himself by brooding over offenses against him; like prayer, justice didn’t come solely from external forces but needed action on the part of the aspirer. The reader is made to reflect upon this when the narrator remarks that ‘such things had been known as a man’s doing himself a mischief, and then setting the justice to look for the doer. Thence on, Silas interacted with Dolly Winthrop more often and with a faint sense of gregariousness. Silas fully remedied this self-impediment and self-injustice when Eppie came. The readers’ attention is once again diverted to the develop ment of external justice in a similar manner as to that with Dunstan Cass, but with a different outcome. The other undeserving Cass brother, Godfrey hopes for justification but, justly, doesn’t receive it. He fled to his usual refuge, that of hoping for some unforeseen turn of fortune, some favorable chance which would save him from unpleasant consequences—perhaps even justify his insincerity by manifesting its prudence. ’ After prevaricating proper responses to his father’s interrogation, he sought to justify his insincerity. As we know, Godfrey is later found out when Dunstan’s body is recovered from the Stone-pits, nullifying his efforts and hopes in successfully avoiding the truth.The Socratic dialogues, again, have some insight to this matter. In Gorgias, Socrates suggests that on the scale of evil – which goes hand in hand with the scale of misery, second is the man who does wrong, but first is the man who does wrong and gets away with it. Godfrey is this ‘first’ who is more miserable, which shows that he has been justly served; for several years, he had to endure being this ‘first’ man, hiding his guilt before having the courage to be the ‘second’, less miserable man.Godfrey again pushes for his perceived justice (personal interest) when he tries to coax Silas into giving him Eppie ‘You may look at it in that way, Marner, but I never can; and I hope you’ll let me act according to my own feeling of what’s just. ’ Again, justice prevails and Godfrey is unsuccessful. Justification and religion are somewhat reconciled when the narrator reflects upon Nancy’s character and Sunday thoughts by recognizing that ‘the spirit of rectitude’ came with the ‘sacred documents of the past’.This opens the way for the justice to come upon her, first with ‘Godfrey . . . [doing] Nancy no injustice as to the motives of her obstinac y’ and the deserved revelation that Godfrey was Eppie’s biological father. A series of events drives justice to triumph by the end of Silas Marner. Effectively, George Eliot starts the narrative from the complete opposite – injustice – so that there is room for justice to develop. She recognizes the complexity of achieving justice when she writes about Molly’s struggle. Just and self-reproving thoughts do not come to us too thickly, even in the purest air, and with the best lessons of heaven and earth’. This adds to the gravity of the accomplishment of justice in the end of the novel. Furthermore, George Eliot does not restrain this achievement and discourages us, as readers, in doing so. She provides this wise insight: ‘When we are treated well, we naturally begin to think that we are not altogether unmeritorious, and that it is only just we should treat ourselves well, and not mar our own fortune. ’ By Chino Jose San Diego Gar cia

Multilateral treaties vs. customary international law Essay

Multilateral treaties vs. customary international law - Essay Example In my reviewing the literary sources, when getting prepared for the analysis on the subject, I have come to the conclusion that the twentieth century itself has displayed enormous progress in the international law, and though treaties at present seem to take the leading place in the instruments and sources of the international law, it finally appears that both custom and treaty are effective, they interrelate, and moreover, treaties appear to be the means of creating new customs in international law. It is yet under question, which of the two sources of the international law is more effective at present, and is it possible that the multilateral treaty becomes more important and reliable for the world community, than the legal custom, according to which this community is accustomed to live Through the literary sources reviewed, I may assume, that customary and treaty law can't act separately, and are more the means of mutual support, depending on the situation; I may also suggest that both custom and multilateral treaties appear to be the effective vehicles of regulating the international relations in the sphere if law and legislation. Though, in the light of the close interrelation between the custom and the treaty it is at times difficult to decide, which of them appears to work more effectively. Thus, the deep analysis of the present situation is to be performed as follows. Treaties or custom - what is a more effective vehicle of regulating international law First of all, it should be noted, that sometimes we point out the universal international consensus on certain issues, as the use of forces between the States or the areas of criminal justice. Can it be stated, that these are the examples of the custom-working international legal system I might accept that these are the examples of the Customary International Law application, shown through the conduct, which the nations display independently from the treaty-based agreements and keep to this conduct as if based on the law or some oral treaty.1 However, it is also important to note, that 'Customary international law is a conceptual structure, which is represented as an assumed or constructed consensus under which those States, that dissent from a precise obligation that may be defined nevertheless agree to be bound because of the supposed collectively representative nature of the decision'.2 Does this mean that custom has broader action in relation to the participating and non-partici pating parties, and can we thus conclude that ultimately the custom carries greater force than any multilateral treaty It should be remembered, that international law, which as a system appeared a few centuries ago, and has later become general international law, was initially based on the custom, and not on the treaty. The notions of treaty law have become applicable only later with the processes of globalization and the need to solve these global issues by imposing certain obligatory norms on the States - participants of the treaty-making process. Multilateral treaties thus have become the effective instrument of guaranteeing the fulfillment of the obligations by all participating States. Simultaneously, it should not be forgotten, that multilateral treaties are the means of creating norms for only those States, which become the participants of t

Traffic Cameras Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Traffic Cameras - Research Paper Example Such offenses are chargeable in the courts of law as stipulated by the laws in the constitutions of the given State. In an attempt to avoid hazards and negative outcomes associated with the absence of traffic cameras at major road intersections, the governments should install the gadgets to reduce accidents and enhance security among other benefits. Road traffic collisions are accountable for 1.2 million deaths and approximately 50 million injuries annually according to the approximations by the World Health organization (Cinnamon et al. 1). Cinnamon et al. claims that motorists and pedestrians from frequent observations commit road rule violations at signalized intersections. The accidents are a major drawback to the various states as it leads to loss of scarce human resource through the deaths that normally occur. In addition, mechanical and infrastructural destructions that the intersection accidents bring along lead to infrastructural related losses and thus derail a State’s economy. A designed means of observing and monitoring traffic flow along the intersections can help in minimizing the frequency of the accidents’ occurrence. Therefore, most of the states with the need to eliminate accidents along the intersections should install the traffic cameras in order to help reduce the losses accompanying it. An argument about the sure effectiveness of the installation of the traffic cameras is relevant. A pilot installation is essential in addition to the numerous researches done that fully advocate traffic cameras as the best mechanism in reducing associated accidents. Due to the higher need to reduce the number of traffic accidents in major road intersections, installation of traffic cameras is recommendable. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) calculates that the traffic along the intersections causes more than 100,000 crashes and 1000

How did Margaret Thatcher become leader of the Conservative party Why Essay

How did Margaret Thatcher become leader of the Conservative party Why was she able to remain as the partys leader for fifteen years - Essay Example She was representing Finchley Region in England. Later in 1970, she was appointed the secretary for Education and Technology. In a conservative party election that was held in 1975, Thatcher was able to defeat Edward Health as the leader of the Conservative party and by that she emerged the leader of opposition and the first woman to be a leader of a major political party in the UK. This paper will look at the strategies that Margaret Thatcher used to become the leader of the Conservative Party and how she remained its leader for such a long time. As mentioned earlier in the introduction, Margaret Thatcher became the first lady to hold a major party leadership in the United Kingdom. Her way of leadership made her to be branded the Iron Lady due to the mode she used in administration and maintaining her relevance in leadership. Battling it with men and especially defeating Edward Health in the Conservative Party elections in 1975 worked as a milestone in her bid to become the first female Prime Minister in the United Kingdom. Thatcher’s put down a number of policies that she was fighting for and which she deemed best for the whole nation. Her policies cost the country in some way but also empowered the people to work more and deliver much without waiting for the government to do a lot for them (Evans, 2013). Thatcher made it clear that the government could only do what it was capable of doing and the people would be left with the mandate to do the rest for themselves. One of the policies that she set was the ownership of houses that made the citizens able to own houses for the first time in the history of the nation. This earned her both fame and resistance from the people who thought that her way of leadership was truly deficient. In becoming the leader of the conservative party, Thatcher had capitalised in the loss of power of the party leader Edward Health who had become unpopular and consequently lost the seat to her in the party elections

New York State report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New York State report - Essay Example (Cuomo, 2012) Using the $10 billion dollar waiver awarded, the state plans on transforming the health care system of its people through the MRT plan. Some of the key issues outlined in the waiver include: expansion of high quality primary health care, grants to increase health homes for patients in need of extensive health care and facilities, strategies to increase Medicaid savings in the long-term and evaluation of ongoing and new MRT initiatives to ensure that public funds are not embezzled. The plans will ensure that health insurance becomes affordable through reduction of insurance premiums, pulling of resources together to reduce individual costs like coinsurance, copayments and deductibles and providing credits to ease the purchase of the insurance cover for low income earners. The benefits of these reforms are numerous. First, it reduces the high cost of Medicare due to the spread of costs among many people. Pooling of risks and costs among many people will result to lower premium rates and therefore, all costly health care would be affordable to all people. Secondly, a good health system will result in higher productivity since the labor force is healthy. Lastly, people under the insurance cover seek medical attention regularly; this reduces the chances of illnesses occurring and the general cost of the health care. Health insurance exchanges refer to marketplaces where individuals and small businesses can compare and buy health insurance. The exchanges will be accessible through physical offices, phone lines and websites. There are four categories of coverage offered by insurers: platinum, gold, silver and bronze with platinum being the most costly while bronze being the cheapest. The following grants were awarded to the state of New York to develop the Exchange program: Exchange Planning Grant, Early Innovator Grant and Exchange Establishment Grant. (Slavik & Webb, n.d.) The law requires

A Man Dedicated to the Struggle for Racial Equality Research Paper

A Man Dedicated to the Struggle for Racial Equality - Research Paper Example Though Dr. Chavis is well-known as a civil right movement leader who worked closely with the Prominent African-American leader, Martin Luther King, he has actively took part in a number of other movements including â€Å"National African American Leadership Summit† (NAALS), â€Å"National Association for the Advancement of Colored People† (NAACP), Million March, etc. From the very beginning of his youth, he has started an activist’s life. While he had been a freshman at St. Augustine College in 1965, he became Martin Luther King’s youth coordinator for the State of North Carolina. In the same year, he also joined the â€Å"Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee† (SNCC), the â€Å"American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees† (AFSCME), and the â€Å"Congress of Racial Equality† (CORE). Religious Activism of Benjamin Chavis Mohammed One of the most significant aspects of Benjamin Chavis’ activism is the religiou s dimension. ... In 1968, starting his career as a field officer in the â€Å"United Church of Christ Commission for Racial Justice† Chavis Mohammad significantly contributed to the coordination of racial justice strategies with American Black community. Starting with the membership in the â€Å"Southern Christian Leadership Conference† (SCLC) Benjamin had been involved with a significant number of Christianity related organizations throughout his whole life until he joined the Nation of Islam. Though his strategy to join the Nation of Islam was to set an example of peaceful religious cohabitation and to increase the religious tolerance, he was suspended by the authority of the â€Å"United Church of Christ† (UCC). Often some critics allege that Benjamin Chavis’ religiosity was more of a strategy to survive amid the hostility of the whites than of a wholehearted Christian emotion. In this regard, Encyclopedia of World Biography writes that in the mid 20th century, even as the walls of racial segregation was crumbling down under the crushing pressures of various civil society movements, leaders like Chavis Muhammad and Martin Luther King’s were being â€Å"shaped against this back drop of hatred and bigotry. Chavis became involved in his church, finding shelter from such hostile attitudes†. (Encyclopedia of World Biography 1) Racial Awareness and Family-inspiration to Fight for Rights Since Benjamin Chavis was blissfully born in a self-aware African-American family, he was familiar with the black people’s struggle for right in the white dominated US society.

The Theory of Gestalt Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Theory of Gestalt - Term Paper Example This attitude, for a time, forced Gestalt into the background of scientific study. Today the therapy is striving and gaining professional ground in not only a myriad of areas of endeavor, but also in combination with other therapies which once discounted it. The Basis of Gestalt As a psychology term created in the early 20th century by German psychologists, gestalt essentially means a unified whole. It referred to theories of visual perception which attempt to describe how people tend to organize visual elements into groups, using certain elements to perceived, in the end, the whole. The term and concept was later applied by the Perls and Goodman in their Gestalt Therapy studies. There are many critiques and analysis of gestalt, so it is important from the outset that we explain the concept in layman’s terms that inform the remainder of the paper. Gestalt as applied to Gestalt Therapy is a method of awareness practice akin to "mindfulness" in eastern philosophical thought â₠¬Å"by which perceiving, feeling, and acting are understood to be conducive to interpreting, explaining, and conceptualizing [the hermeneutics of experience]† (Brownell, 2010: p. 128). ... The concept as applied in Gestalt Therapy according to Brownell (2008) relies upon several aspects, including the phenomenological method but also dialogical relationships, practical theoretical strategies and the perceived freedom to use these strategies and insights as experimental tools to help clients reach personal goals. The goals for success include a suspension of past expectations; understanding and empathy between client and therapist; a thorough understanding and confrontation of the client’s environmental field of experience; and the singularly specific approach of moving the client from analysis to positive, concrete actions. Evolution and Application of Theory Gestalt psychology and therapy fell out of favor with the emergence of cognitive psychology and methods in the mid-1900s. As recently as 1995, however, professionals cognizant of its benefits have emphasized the value of the insights Gestalt Therapy brings to understanding and insights brought about by the behavioral and cognitive methods. While behavioral therapy assumes that mental disturbances are learned but aimless behaviors, and cognitive therapy studies how people think and how they interpret their experiences, Gestalt Therapy helps patients become more aware of themselves and what is going on in the private inner world in which they actually live; that includes the therapists themselves. In terms of gender therapy, Gestalt has been used for therapist training by the Gestalt Therapy Institute of Philadelphia Women’s Therapy Center to help them better approach gender identity issues with patients from a â€Å"nonpathological, non-shaming perspective†

Cyber crime Laws and The Financial analysis applications Use In Saudi Essay

Cyber crime Laws and The Financial analysis applications Use In Saudi Arabia - Essay Example The Holy Quran did not assert the penalties and laws for computer crimes; however, it tackles public sanctions like theft, adultery, murder and other sanctions. Thus, an Anti-Crime act exists to fight cyber crimes ("Cybercrime and the Law: An Islamic View," n.d.). It also establishes the level of every crime and the resultant harm. For instance (stealing from bank accounts and stealing of the personal videos or pictures from computer) they are under the theft law but there are diverse effects of everyone, so the penalty of every one of them has to be unlike. In all other countries, the laws of the age of children must be less than 18 but Saudi Arabia has 15 members of the Shoura Council who suggests that the age to be less than 15. According to research, 20% of the children in Saudi Arabia are exposed to pornography crime each year. A number of websites availed pornography and scratch the Islamic principles, are blocked as directed by Saudi Arabia Internet Services (www.internet.gov.sa). Cyber Terrorism crime is classified under the distribution of corruption. Research concerning computer crime along with computer ethics is same (Wild, 2011). The aptitude of writing on computer ethics with related areas to make a detailed perceptive of inequalities that surround the field of information technology is greatly affected by types of technological liberalism and determinism. Computer crimes happen in many diverse forms, ranging from child pornography to cyber stalking. Cyber stalking is stalking behavior done by means of some feature of information technologies. The ever rising internet use by criminals has led a rush of legislation along with other interests. Regrettably, in spite of a number of high-profile instances reported both on the Internet and in print media, the topic is yet to be given systematic investigation against a suitable theoretical structure. Such a theoretical

Corporate Acceptable Use Policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corporate Acceptable Use Policy - Case Study Example The paper intends to discuss the purpose of the Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) developed by AT&T for its employees. The Purpose of an Acceptable Use Policy An Acceptable Use Policy is a collection of particular rules and policies which are implemented by the network and websites managers in order to enact certain restrictions regarding the utilization of available websites and networks. Most of the times, AT&T is found to be committed to obeying the government rules and regulations regarding the utilization of online sources, e-mail transmission and text messaging. The company always focuses on protecting the AT&T’s network and its online sources without getting interferences from the hands of the other users. In order to fulfill these overall objectives, AT&T implements AUP in every facet of its service operations. Through the utilization of Internet Protocol (IP) services, customers agree to follow the AUP of the company in order to uphold the companies’ responsibility t owards the customers. AUP of AT&T offers easy internet access, hosting services and also delivers internet or wireless data network to its end-users (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2012). Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) are three basic attributes of Information Security. In order to maintain confidentiality, AT&T has designed its Identification (ID) process in such a way so that the users are bound to access protected internet sites within AT&T service accounts. Through ‘AT&T access ID’ users can create the account with their names and individually selected password that facilitate them an easy access regarding any of the internet sites. According to the terms and conditions of AT&T, if users or employees can create access ID then it is not only beneficial for the company to maintain its confidentiality but also for the users to protect their personal account from the hands of the other users. Regarding privacy, the company is fully committed that they w ill protect users’ privacy and safeguard their personal information in an efficient manner (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2012). AUP of AT&T provides strong integrity by which the company’s employees are liable to maintain proper utilization of network services. According to AUP, employees must uphold integrity in order to avoid hacking and misuse of product resources by which the company may secure its network system. As per the AUP rules, employees should make proper use and have limited access to the company’s resources and must provide services at the right time by which AT&T can maintain integrity towards its network security. In addition, AUP directs that the company’s system administrator should have a proper access to system files in order to maintain the integrity of a computer network system (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2012). With regard to AUP, employees must not disclose the private information, software and system files regarding the companyâ €™s network services to any third party. AUP provides restrictions to the employees that they should not misuse the availability of the company’s essential resources. Moreover, the employees should not share the essential information regarding the company’s services with their relatives and friends by which it can protect its availability of resources from the hands of the third party users (AT&T Intellectual Property, 2012). Recommendations for Improving AUP In order to improve AUP, AT&T should maintain and follow certain legal rules.  

McDonald Case study Essay Example for Free

McDonald Case study Essay Comparing with other competitors in the catering industry, McDonald’s has developed into one the giant and most famous fast food restaurants in the world. At present time, McDonald’s is the world’s largest food service retailers offering services to customers, in the same time they are keeping opening new shops all over the world every day. However, even though their business is keeping increasing, but they also met some negative messages from consumers or other parties, such as their products is not unhealthy, food they provided will cause obesity to the childhood. From relative estimation, it shows that obesity condition and the qty of those overweight children have been increasing rapidly throughout the world. More seriously, childhood obesity rate in the country of Australia is the highest in the world. From this consideration, it is much necessary to analysis relationship between the fast food and the obesity. Here, I will take the example of McDonald’s to research in detail 2.0 Analysis of case (McDonald fast food) There are lots of people will be consumed in McDonald’s., roughly, there are more than 30 million customers will be served in McDonald’s restaurants around the world. Accordingly, McDonald also achieved great success, especially comparing with other not so famous similar competitors. But due to fast food’s unique style of business, such as: their unique food ingredients, material used and cooking method, people think fast food will be the main cause for the obesity, typically for children, because they like the taste of such fast food a lot and consumed a lot too. In Australia, according to the study, there are about 25% of children in Australia are obese or overweight nowadays, while that was just 5% in the 1960s. The study from Australia’s Child Youth Help shows that the overweight preschoolers aged four years rose from 3.2% for boys and 3.5% for girls, to 4.1% for boys and 5.8% for girls in 2002. Also according to many scholars and nutritionist’s reflection, it is not hard to know that the fast food provided will be the main reason for causing childhood obesity. Since obesity has lots of negative effect to the health of the people, and especially for childhood, comparing with normal adults, childhood will be the focus for parents or relative health institute to pay attention on. As relative research shows that fast food will generate relative higher fats etc, so becomes one of the main causes of getting child fat. For McDonald, due to their significant achievement, together with their multi-advertisement, makes people, child is more familiar with them, on the contrary, this type of condition also makes McDonald become the target of complaints of childhood obesity. 2.1 Questions 1: McDonald relationship with childhood obesity Due to the cause of the obesity, McDonald’s relationship with child and parents becomes much tight. There are lots of people complain this giant food seller, because they have provided to many fast food to children, which cause them failed to be healthfully growing. In which, their variety type advertisement also become the target for people to blame. Because advertisement will bring good feeling and positive to the consumer, especially when child get to know the advertisement, they will be much easily to be attracted by the contents, therefore, they will be much easily tend to take such advertising food. In the meantime, since they are short of the knowledge to judge and get to know more detail of the products, is it  good, or will it bring bad effect to health once eats. So in the way, McDonald’s advertisement becomes the target of people’s blaming. As far as I am concerned, it is not doubt that McDonald will hold the direct responsibility, because they are the food providers, and they are the persuader to make children like their food by advertisement. But in the meantime, children’s parents shall also have the responsibility. Normally when the child go in to the McDonald’s shop, they will accompanied by their parents or elder person, at this point, when the children do not have the knowledge and the ability to tell the negative of the fast food, their older accompanier shall point out in time, also shall provide necessary guide in selecting the food. 2.2 Questions 2. The impact of McDonald’s marketing Advertisement will bring lots of effect to consumers, and for McDonald’s marketing because most of their advertisement contents will be designed by professional, who will be able to make the contents of the advertisement will be much attracting to their consumer, and when they target children, normally, the effect of the advertisement will work. Also they will design relative program to present their products to consumers. 2.2.1 Impact of McDonald’s marketing on individual consumers It is well-known the principle of the treatment to the people in McDonald’s that people are the key to the success of McDonald’s. To individual consumers, McDonald’s celebrate the children’s birthday with them. The parties are fun, Hassie-free and make for great memories to give an impressive and unforgettable experience for each of the individual customers in it. Customers can choose from two great-value packages, each offering games, entertainment and meals, and with more than 200 committed birthday party restaurants Australia-wide, there are plenty of nearby locations to choose from. Additionally, there is online booking for the convenience of the customers, which is even easier to give the little customers a party they’ll love. 2.2.2 Impact of McDonald’s marketing on other business and society Apart from the great favorable impact of McDonald’s to the individual consumers, McDonald’s itself also shed indispensable impact on other business and society as a whole. There are 267 franchisees and 9,000 suppliers serving as business partners in McDonald’s Australia alone (McDonald’s Australia Corporate Responsibility Sustainability Report 2010). Therefore, the great sales in McDonald’s will no doubt generate vast increase to the sales of those business partners to a large extent. 2.3 Question 3: Social marketing’s influence to children Social marketing will contribute and affect a lot to the consumer through variety type of approaches, and it can be clearly known from the example of McDonald. The great success of McDonald’s is basically because of its establishment and implication of its responsibility to do what’s right. To better carry out this responsibility, McDonald’s takes several measures as the societal marketing listing below: (1) Productive strategy of high quality products. The quality of the products is the life thread of an enterprise. From this consideration, McDonald’s places this to the first of the other four criteria. (2) Price strategy of reasonable price. To be successful in the furious competition of fast food industry, McDonald’s implicates the marketing strategy of low price and national uniform price. (3) Service strategy of clean and speedy service. The cleaning of the food in McDonald’s has closed connection with the health of the customers, especially that of the children’s. While clean and speedy service provides convenience for the necessity of busy customers. Promotional strategy oriented with ads. The promotional strategy in McDonald’s is rather simple but quite effective, mainly with the strategy of ads publicity to create sensational effects. (5) Cultural strategy of accustoming to the local culture. McDonald’s maintains its own style of diet and also adapts to the local culture to invent food of the traditional distinguishing features (Nestle Jacobson, 2000). Through the measures above, McDonald try to widely present their products as top as possible to the consumers, also their products will be accompanied with good service which will greatly influence the consumption intendance and habit of their customer, in which children are also the most part, therefore children will naturally like to eating in McDonald. 2.4 Question 4. Opinion of advertising for kids and other solutions for childhood obesity in Australia 2.4.1 Problems of advertising for kids The advertisements of McDonald’s are always aimed at interesting more customers, especially to the little children. McDonald’s enticing their children customers to want its food by applying free toy giveaways. The ads of McDonald’s are both in TV or other publications produce various attractive pictures and images to entice the children to it from their visual to their gustatory sense. 2.4.2 Other solutions to solve childhood obesity To solve childhood obesity, several strategies are decided as followed: More focus must be placed on the group prevention rather than the individual treatment and instruction. In order to change the diet and behavior in the family, it is critical whether to depend on the family and the society. The effect of the individual instruction such as the fat farm and summer camps will be very limit without the long term support from the society and school (Allison Webe, 2003). School must be the major part of the prevention of childhood obesity. The government must make no efforts to control childhood obesity. How to cooperate with the food industry is one of the parts of the strategies (Berg,Buechner Parham,2003). 2.5 Trend of the fast food industry in Australia The fast food industry in Australia has achieved its great success in recent years. The social and industrial status of fast food industry has been gradually established and become more important. The scales of both the industry and the enterprises are increasingly broadening, and the quality and standard are improving evidently. In a word, the development of fast food industry is limitless in the long run. All around Australia, fast food is not simply a commodity; it is also a representation of â€Å"the West† or â€Å"American†. If it wants to help explain its attraction, McDonald’s should innovate its quality as well as the foods themselves to match the advance  demand of the society. Australian business environment was so complicated that foreigners could not hope to survive on their own, in such circumstance, only those enterprise matching with the consumer requirement will be survive. On the whole, Australian consumers treat â€Å"fast food† restaurants as leisure centers and tend to stay longer than do most Americans. In the meantime, other type food, like rice is more than a simple grain; it is imbued with symbolic meanings and is perceived as sacred by many Australians. The style of food does not fit easily into the existing Australian food system, so McDonald’s, if can operated in a more healthy way for their food by improving step by step in innovation, it can be easier to be accepted. 3.0 Conclusion In conclusion, McDonald’s is believed the giant of the fast food industry. It has achieved great success in its sales and the fame all over the world. However, together with its great success, McDonald’s also creates serious problems to the society, in specific the childhood obesity. It is estimated that the prevalence of obesity and overweight children has been increasing rapidly throughout the world. And the rates of the childhood obesity in the country of Australia are the highest in the world. Its beginning relates to the starts of a new political era, on in which local interests challenge the authoritarian rule of the Nationalist Parethy, in this way, the Golden Arches arrive just as Australia reaches takeoff as a major player in the global electronics and computer markets. To many consumers in Australia, McDonald’s meant something the leisure and easy, and people prefer it. So in order to advance their business, but in the same time, not to bring the negative side to the consumer, especially children, it is part of McDonald’s responsibility to take care of their products, trying best to find good method or innovation to catch the problem of causing serious state of childhood obesity, that is certain measures are in great need to be taken to solve or affiliate the situation. It is also believed that with better responsibility taken, and with correct marketing, trying to stick the principle of â€Å"right goods is the base of good marketing†, then the fast food industry will be successful forever. References: Allison,D.B. Weber,M.T(2003). Treatment and prevention of obesity: what works, what doesn’t work, and what might work. Lipids Berg,F., Buechner J. Parham E. (2003). Guidelines for childhood obesity prevention programs: promoting healthy weight in children. Nutr Educ Ebhav McDonald’s Australia Corporate Responsibility Sustainability Report 2010 Nestle,M. Jacobson,M.F(2000). Halting the obesity epidemic: a public health policy approach. Public Health Rep

Kite Runner Essay Essay Example for Free

Kite Runner Essay Essay Hitler was an undoubtedly deranged man with the desire to concur a nation, who used inhumane methods to achieve his goal of a ‘perfect’ society. The proud words of Assef about him were, â€Å"Now, there was a leader. A great leader. A man with a vision.† (39-40) In the novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, Assef is characterized as a cruel sociopath; his character is created through Hosseini’s use of figurative language and connotative diction. Throughout the passage with Assef as a child Hosseini describes Assef with repetition. Repetition in a novel is a way to convey the point that an author is trying to make. Hosseini makes his statement about Assef very clear. He uses the words â€Å"relentless†, â€Å"ambush†, and â€Å"Savage† over and over to push the severity of Assef’s lunatic way of life. Even more words are used like â€Å"stainless steel brass knuckles† (38) and yelling out the prejudice slur, â€Å"Flat-Nose† (38), referring to the Hazara people. They were repeated because they show up later in the novel and foreshadow Amir’s journey back to Kabul. Also the author uses an epithet to describe Assef, as if he were an evil character of an old epic story. Amir proclaims him to be â€Å"Assef ‘the ear eater’† (38) and the gruesome name created a legacy from his actions. Assef’s character is also shaped by the way Hosseini uses connotative diction to support how crazy Assef is. His word choice clearly states how Assef dominates the other children in Kabul, as Amir says â€Å"blond-blue eyed towered over the other kids.† (38) Assef is a force to be reckoned with because of â€Å"his famous stainless steel brass knuckles† (38) He uses them as a way to prove his authority in the neighborhood. His obsession to be the leader is unusual and he is out of control as a child. The way Hosseini describes Assef there is no bright future for him as he is a corrupt boy with the drive to cause suffering. Assef plays the role of the antagonist in the story where he instigates all conflicts by creating turmoil in the novel, which the main character, Amir, has to overcome. His psychotic mindset leads him to become part of the unexpected climax of the story, and helps to develop the novel further in relation to all the obstacles Amir must face when dealing with his past.

Richard Iii And His Bad Reputation English Literature Essay

Richard Iii And His Bad Reputation English Literature Essay Richard III has the bad reputation of being a sinister hunchbacked villain, who was set out for his own gain, killing anybody who got in the way of his power driven craze. This is the main view of early Tudor propagandists and later by playwrights such as William Shakespeare. Although this view had been accepted for many years there has been much debate as to whether Richard deserves this evil reputation. The Richard III Society is dedicated to redeeming Richard III and is keen to point out his high reputation in the North of massive loyalty. The traditional view is that although Richard wasnt as malicious as Tudor propagandists tried to make out, he was most likely responsible for the removal of his two nephews from the royal line. The context in which surrounded Richard gives insight as to the reputation Richard deserves, by comparing his actions to previous successors. The power struggle between the Lancastrians and Yorks started in 1399 after Henry II was killed by Henry Bolingbroke  [1]  and left no heirs to the throne. Although Henry V was a capable king and was successful in holding most of France, it was when Henry VI became king when the problems between the families occurred. In 1453 Henry suffered from schizophrenia so Richard of York was declared Protector of the Realm, using his position to arrest Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset.  [2]  1455 saw the 1st Battle of Albans, arguably the start of the Wars of the Roses, leading Richard of York to assert his claims to the throne. The Duke and his eldest son Edmond were both killed leaving Edward, Yorks second eldest son, to secure a victory at Mortimers cross and assume the throne as Edward IV. Although at this time Richard wasnt old enough to ha ve a reputation of his own, this is a vital step in his life which determined his future actions. At the age of 9, after Edward became King of England, Richard was given the title Duke of Gloucester. Although this label didnt give any power to the adolescent Duke, it contributes to Richards reputation of being the loyal brother of the King. Evidence of this trustworthy status is that while growing up George, Duke of Clarence, became increasingly annoyed at Edward IV as the King gave the more powerful land to their youngest brother. Clarence demanded the most influential land to be taken away from Richard and to be given to him.  [3]  Clarences demanding behaviour, compared to that of Richards quiet acceptance of the Kings decisions, shows the beginnings of Richards growing allegiance towards his older brother. The land was juggled from being under his control to being given to those the King believed would be beneficial to have on side. As a result of his jealousy Clarence gained Richmond. Pembroke was put under the control of William, Lord Herbert, and by 1464 Richard had lo st all the De Vere estates after they had been restored to John, the 13th Earl of Oxford. Thus showing how Richard was to be seen as exceptionally loyal and trustworthy towards his brother, a complete contrast where Clarence was to prove scheming, ambitious and disloyal  [4]  . Edward IV was forced into exile in 1470 after he quarrelled with his principle supporter, Richard Neville the Earl of Warwick; also know as the powerful Kingmaker. One of the few faithful supporters who joined Edward was Richard. Clarence however joined forces with Warwick against his brothers, most likely wanting to become the King himself. After Warwick restored Henry VI to the throne Clarence rejoined his brothers, contrasting the two characteristics of Richard and Clarence, showing that at this time Richard did deserve his reputation of being a loyal brother. This is proved further as in both battles the teenage Richard of Gloucester commanded the vanguard and fought bravely. Edward rewarded Richards loyalty by making him effectively viceroy of the north.  [5]  Giving Richard the reputation of being a brave trustworthy warrior, who was willing to stand by his fellow brother and king. Richard was entrusted with right wing of the royal host at the Battle of Barnet, and within t hree weeks he again led the vanguard at the Battle of Tewkesbury. In both engagements, Richard acquitted himself well.  [6]  Showing Richard was a skilful warrior and that at this time Richard deserved the reputation of being a loyal trustworthy brother. There is much speculation over how Richard felt after Edward IV found out about the full extent of Clarences involvement in the 1470s rising. There is debate as to whether Richard felt his growing loyalty towards both his brothers and how he felt over Georges end. Mancini reports he was so overcome with grief that he could not hide it. Whereas More, while admitting that in public Richard opposed Clarences killing, is not so sure about the genuine emotion Richard experienced.  [7]  The traditional view of Clarences death is that he was executed by drowning in a barrel of malmsey; this could be true as it is first mentioned by Dominic Mancini in 1483.  [8]  After Richards death the Tudor propagandists used Clarences death as a method to gain support for Henry Tudor. None of the sources before More doubt that Edward IV was solely responsible for the death of Clarence, even if they were in some doubt as to why he was executed. More hints that Richard of Gloucester may have encour aged Edward to execute his brother, but [More] goes no further.  [9]  This helped to destroy Richards reputation of loyalty and turn it into one of an evil, spiteful king who opposed anyone who was in the way, including his own family. As More only hinted to the possible involvement Richard had in his brothers death and sources before this dont state any involvement, Richard doesnt deserve the reputation to the degree the Tudors gave him of being an evil tyrant. There is clear evidence that Richard III had not killed his brother personally, in fact it isnt possible to know if he agreed with the death sentence. Richard III was the only Northern king of medieval England; it was rare for the north to be on the same side as the crown. However, it is mainly due to the north that he had enough support to become king in the first place. Richard initialised a power-base that his northern retainers represented.  [10]  This reputation of being Lord of the North began when he came of age, the maturity where he was more useful to his elder brother, King Edward IV. To achieve this high reputation after coming back from exile in 1471, at aged 19, Richard filled the gap which had been created in the north due to Earl Warwicks defeat. Leaving Richard to be appointed his successor, thus giving Richard Duke of Gloucester the responsibility of the defence of Carlisle and the Cumbrian borders. In order to do this effectively the king also gave him the earls northern lands. Effectively starting Richards assent to having a powerful reputation in the north, the build-up of Richards command was rapid, he quic kly became keeper of the northern forests, chief steward of the duchy of Lancaster in northern England, constable of Bewcastle, justice of the peace in all northern counties, in 1482 lieutenant of the north and commander-in-chief against the Scots and in 1483 hereditary warden of the West March. Showing Richard was a capable leader and that he worked hard to gain the confidence of those around him. Enabling him to be entrusted with the power of the titles he acquired and the authority he was given. Its clear that at this time Richard deserved the reputation of a brave warrior, even his enemies had to agree that he was a skilful and courageous fighter. This is shown where More readily admits that Richard was brave and that he never lost a battle through lack of courage.  [11]   In 1472 Richard married Anne Neville. Again there was rivalry between Richard of Gloucester and George of Clarence, as they both aimed to gain land the two Neville wives were to inherit. The brothers fought, leading to Richard acquiring all Warwicks vast estates north of Trent. This is a contrast to Richards earlier loyalty towards Edward IV. During his time in the north and securing England from the threat of the Scottish in 1481-1483, Richard created around himself a closely knit devoted circle of northern knights and gentlemen, this was known as his Northern affinity. Dominic Mancini wrote in 1483: He kept himself within his own lands and set out to acquire the loyalty of his people through favours and justice. The good reputation of his private life and public activities powerfully attracted the esteem of strangers. Such was his renown in warfare that whenever a difficult and dangerous policy had to be undertaken, it would be entrusted to his discretion and his generalship.  [1 2]  Although this defends Richards general loyalty towards those surrounding him, Richard was willing to fight with his brother to achieve his goals, showing that Richard wasnt as loyal to his family members as he was to the king. Just before Edward IVs death in 1483, he named Richard of Gloucester Lord Protector and entrusted his sons, Edward and Richard, to his care. This shows that the King himself didnt believe Richard to be a real threat towards the young princes. However Richard was one of the most powerful men in England, with the king dead and the princes minors, this provided Richard with the opportunity to become king himself. The mystery of the princes in the tower is one of the main causes of debate over Richards real reputation. Richard of Gloucester and the Queen were openly hostile towards each other about the regency needed due to the young age of Edward V. On 29th April, Richard intercepted the royal party before they arrived at London, taking Edward and putting him under his own custody. Although this could have been seen as Richard III looking after his young nephew as his brother had asked, this was later used by Tudor propagandists to damage Richards reputation of being the loyal brother and uncle. He arrested the Lords Rivers and Grey, who were both later executed. Richard pressured the queen into letting the young Richard Duke of York visit and stay with his older brother before his crowning. They were both held in the tower of London, a protected place in royal hands, but which later acquired its deathly reputation. Within six weeks Richard had the princes declared illegitimate and had himself named king. Effectively Richard started the downfall of his reputation, after having a priest preach a se rmon at Pauls cross, claiming Edward IV had had an arranged marriage to another woman before marrying Elizabeth Woodville, making all their children illegitimate. Tales at the time had been circulated that Edwards father was an English archer named Blaybourne. Medieval historian professor Michael Jones has determined through court records that Edwards legal father, Richard, Duke of York, was over 100 miles away from his mother, Lady Cecily, at the time when Edward must have been conceived.  [13]  If this was in fact true then both Edward and his sons had no legal claim to the throne, this would then have passed to the next best suitor who at this time would have been Richard of Gloucester. After the two young princes disappeared, rumours began to circulate that they had both been murdered. Mores belief was that To assure his own security, Richard saw to it that the little princes in the Tower were smothered to death in their sleep  [14]  This is supported by Jeffrey Richards who states that although aware of growing rumours Richard III did nothing to dispel them. If the princes were alive Richard III could easily have showed everyone this by taking them out of the tower. As he did nothing to counteract these rumours this helped spread the reputation of Richard being the evil uncle. Another factor which adds to the growing speculation of Richards involvement in the princes disappearances is that other rumours which circulated, for example the death of his wife, Richard was quick to have them stopped, however as he didnt show any evidence of the young boys being alive this added to suspicion of Richards involvement. A set of bones were found at the Tower of London in 1674, they were buried in Westminster Abbey under orders of King Charles II. The tomb was opened in 1933 and an examination was conducted by Doctor Tanner and Professor Wright, finding they were likely to have been those of the two young boys.  [15]  This however doesnt tell us who killed the princes and the reasons behind their deaths. Richard III has long since been the main suspect for being the wicked uncle, however most of the reports which claim Richard to have been the culprit were Tudor writers, thus leading them to write the worst about Richard to promote Henry VII as being a more just and fair king. However Richard had much to lose by killing his nephews as it would turn the public against him for murdering innocent young children. It could be argued that it wasnt in Richards character to kill his own nephews as he had shown extreme family loyalty and was seen as an ideal knight. Others who might have killed the prince s included Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham,  [16]  who would have gained more power if his cousin, Henry Tudor was King. However in 1502 James Tyrell had been arrested for treason against Henry Tudor and whilst under torture he confessed to the murders of the young princes, although this isnt fact as he didnt speculate as to how or why he killed them, therefore it isnt reliable and cannot be taken as the truth. Richard most likely had a hand in the disappearances of the two princes; even if he didnt kill them personally he would have stood to gain a lot if the two boys were dead. Discontent of not knowing the princes fate sparked a rebellion, Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, launched a revolt against the King. The commons grew angry as they believed Richard murdered the princes, however they were easily taken care of and the Duke was beheaded. He initially intended to be joined by Henry Tudor, the Earl of Richmond, however he had been exiled to France and wasnt able to join the rebellion. Henry Tudor was later joined by Elizabeth Woodville, although she never said that her two sons had been killed, her actions showed that she believed them to be dead, otherwise she wouldnt have joined a potential rival to the crown. Instead of this though the two houses were united through marriage and they started a propaganda campaign to destroy Richards reputation. In 1484 Richards own son, Edward, was confirmed the heir to the throne, however Edward died not long after. Anne Neville, Richards Queen, also died around this time, the Richard III foundation states Richard wept openly at her funeral and shut himself off for three days. portraying Richard as a more vulnerable character than the harsh, murderous villain of Shakespeares play. This only lowered his reputation further as Richard was accused of killing her himself so he could marry his own niece, Elizabeth. However we know this to be a lie as evidence suggests that Anne died of natural causes. By the 17th century hostility towards Richard had died down, mainly because the Tudors reign had finished and was replaced by the Stewarts, who didnt give the same interest of trying to portray Richard as an evil leader. William Cornwallis defended Richards reputation in 1617 in the Essayes of Certain Paradoxes by publishing an anonymous defence thought to have been written in the early sixteenth century as a response to Mores history.  [17]   Sir Thomas Mores picture of Richard was that he was a man little of stature, ill featured of limbs, crook backed, his left shoulder much higher than his right, hard favored of visage . . . he was malicious, wrathful, envious and, from before his birth, ever forward.  [18]  This shows how Richards reputation had been manipulated by the Tudors influential propaganda, helping Henry Tudor be more accepted as the king, appearing less tyrannical than Richard III. More had grown up as a sworn enemy of Richard III being 7 in 1485, his view of Richard are that which he had been taught. Even if Richard wasnt as villainous as he has been made out, he would always have been portrayed in the worst possible way. This had happened to many previous kings as it helped gain support for the new monarch, especially if they had fought their way onto the crown. Hall had also described Richard as small and little of stature, so was he of body greatly deformed, the one shoulder higher than the other, hi s face small, but his countenance was cruel, and such that a man at the first aspect would judge it to savour and smell of malice, fraud and deceit . . .  [19]  this again is just a repeat of Mores words. Shakespeare himself had given Richard III the character of being sick and twisted, giving him a more complex and manipulative personality who was able to feel some form of human remorse for the murders he had committed throughout the play. However the earlier portraits, such as that belonging to the Society of Antiquaries, which although not painted in his lifetime are based on originals that could have been done from life, show no sign of deformity  [20]  , showing more propaganda at the start of the Tudor reign to gain acceptance. Richard, while King, showed himself to be generous and loyal, helping set up a council in the north which stayed in place years still after his death until 1641. He ruled with detailed concern and efficiency.  [21]   Richard III doesnt deserve the reputation of being a tyrannous, power hungry man to the extent portrayed by Tudor writers. Up until 1583 Richard proved himself to be a loyal, trustworthy supporter of the king, as shown through his actions, defending the northern border and helping Edward IV reclaim the throne in 1571. However after the death of his brother, Richards reputation does deserve to be tarnished, just not to the extent of More and Halls views. Many of the murders Richard was accused of committing have evidence to prove he wasnt the cause, including the death of the Prince of Wales and the death of his wife. However after the death of Edward, Richard seized the opportunity to take power, spreading claims of Edwards illegitimacy and most likely responsible for the disappearance of the two princes. Source evaluation I started by reading Charles Rosss Richard III. Initially I believed this was a heavy book to read, with much content and so at first I found it extremely hard to pick out the relevant pieces of information. As I got further into the book, however, I found that I became more interested in Richard III and his actions. This is an important and fairly reliable source, it helped to distinguish much debate and shows how it has been exaggerated over the years. However at the end of this tome I found that Charles Ross had been too sympathetic towards Richards actions, defending his loyal reputation by using excuses of Richards past and horror filled childhood. I found the article The princes in the tower by David Ross to be an extremely valuable source when analysing the mystery created when the two young princes disappeared. It was straightforward and easy to understand. I found it useful when looking at who would have the motive to kill the adolescent boys, ranging from Richard III himself to his enemy Henry Tudor. It helped to analyse how the people felt about the sudden disappearances and how this led to the revolt against Richard. Along with the evidence from Charles Ross book this article gave evidence of bones which had been found in the tower which added to the mystery and to Richard IIIs reputation of being the evil uncle for his own gain. Another article which I found to be useful is Richard, Duke of Gloucester and the North by Michael Hicks. This was a valuable source as it is full of information as to how Richard of Gloucester managed to gain his reputation of being Lord in the North. It also effectively showed how Richards loyalty to his brother King Edward IV helped him to gain this reputation of being a brave warrior in the north who protected England from invasion from Scotland. This helped me to be able to compare Richards earlier reputation to that which he gained nearing the end of his life and after his death. This respectively leads to the article The Riddle of Richard III by Jeffery Richards. This article helped me to compare the reputations I had discovered Richard had gained throughout his lifetime. The article also gave viable source accounts by unrelated people, for example the Italian visitor Dominic Mancini. As he was only a visitor and wasnt on the side of Richard III or his enemy Henry Tudor. Mancinis writings are some of the most valuable to look at for the real reputation of Richard III, during the period of his rise to power. This article also tackles the one sided views of the Tudor writers who tried to denounce Richards reputation, in order to promote Henry Tudor. In the end, I have found that the views of the more recent historians are more accurate that those of earlier writers. As their views on Richard III are not affected by the period they living in, they are not trying to depose previous Kings like that of More and Hall.

Do I Or Dont I :: essays research papers

Do I still want to teach? Well, I count myself as being one of the luckiest students alive today because I have had some of the most wonderful teachers in the world. They have always inspired me in some way shape or form to either do my best or they pushed me to become the young man I am today. So to teaching I say, â€Å"YES!† whole-heartedly. I love the career and I enjoy helping others like no other does. When the gentleman came in the Wednesday’s class tell us about his experiences about teaching, I had envisioned myself doing those same sorts of things for other schools to make them feel welcome. He didn’t do it because he thought he had to but out of the kindness of his hearts. I want to give that to students, a piece of my heart. No matter how they take it, whether they rip it up and throw it away, if the cherish it with love and tenderness, or whether they take it and then forget about it. To be honest I don’t think any of my students, that is whe n I become a teacher, will ever forget me if they have me!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I understand what kind of energy you must actually put into education for you as a teacher to get something back out of it. You must work almost everyday and night, if you want your kids to succeed or you might just see them fail, and no teacher in their right mind would want that for any of their students. Teaching is not going to be as â€Å"wham bam thank you mam† easy like I thought it was going to be. I know now how hard it is for first year teachers to cope with and deal with all the emotional problems they may face. I remember in the video How Difficult Can This Be? Understanding Learning Disabilities how the guy treated the adults in the room, on how to treat learning disabled children. I learned that they first have to interpret the question, then think about the answer, and then reply to the question. It takes them twice as long in the thinking process, as it does a normal student. At least I would not feel left out in the dust on how to handle a learning disabled child if ever I received one.

The Scaffold Scenes in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter Essay

The Scaffold Scenes in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter In Nathaniel Hawthorne?s The Scarlet Letter, the Puritans constantly look down upon sinners like Hester Prynne, both literally and symbolically. The use of the three scaffold scenes throughout the course of the novel proved to be an effective method in proving this theory and showing how Puritan society differs from that of today?s. In the first scaffold scene, Hester is being led from the prison where she has spent the last few months, towards the scaffold clutching her newborn baby to her bosom, covering the scarlet letter-the two symbols representing truth and her lost innocence. She stands on the scaffold, with the magistrates and ministers standing above her on the pulpit, symbolizing that they will always be closer to God than she will ever be, however, the reader is unaware that Hester?s minister, Arthur Dimmesdale, who also stands above her on the pulpit, which is a bit of dramatic irony, considering the fact that he is the father of the infant, and her accomplice in her sin. Also during this scene, the man the reader comes to know as Roger Chillingworth hides in the shadows, looking up at Hester, the evil already swelling within him, blackening his soul. The events leading up to the next scaffold scene, some years later, are some of the most significant scenes in the entire novel. The treatment of Dimmesdale by Chillingworth, who Dimmesdale had taken in as his physician, plays a key role, due to the fact that Chillingworth?s intentions are less than pure. Chillingworth is bent on revenge, and is willing to do anything necessary, even destroy another man?s life in order to soothe the savage beast within. However, deep inside Chillingworth?s... ...t and withdrawn, as if all the life and faith he had in the world had been drained out of him. It is in this scene that Dimmesdale finally recognizes Hester and Pearl publicly, he takes them up upon the scaffold with him, and announces to the world what he has done, and through this he feels that he has suffered enough and that his conscience is clear, and with this he dies and goes to Heaven, a soul that has been forgiven, leaving Hester and Pearl alone once again with their grief, and their sin. These three scaffold scenes display the rise of conflict, the climax, and the conclusion. All three tie together to show a common theme, truth. The scaffold and those who stood upon it stood for truth, while those above them judged and those below gawked. It serves as an important symbol throughout the novel setting apart the sinners and those who would judge them.

The Value of Human Life :: essays research papers

Euthanasia-A Critique was published in the New England Journal of Medicine on June 20, 1990. Peter A. Singer and Mark Siegler are the two authors of this article. Singer is a graduate of the University of Toronto Medical School and holds a master’s in public health from Yale University. He is assistant professor of medicine and associate director of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Toronto. Siegler got hi medical degree from the University of Chicago. He is the director of the Center of Clinical Medical Ethics at the university. He has written more then 100 articles and six books. The two authors believe that the medical community should rethink the move towards the use of euthanasia. Singer and Siegler discuss cost containment and what it entails, such as insurance. The expense of hospital stays and the cutting down on nursing staff at hospitals affects it. Many trauma centers are also closing down. They bring up the social injustice of euthanasia and how the po or and elderly will be affected. The minorities, uninsured and others could be taken advantage of by health care providers. Other problems are aroused when ethics come into the picture. The authors talk about the Hippocratic oath, religion, and people’s ethical traditions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Runkle 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When dealing with euthanasia issues arise, one of them is cost containment. When hospitals and doctors run tests it cost money, many tests are expensive and have to be repeated often. Health insurance can be expensive and many people choose either not to get insurance or can’t afford it. When people don’t have insurance it costs all of the taxpayers and hospital to cover the expense. This would encourage doctors to perform euthanasia on patients that are not paying for themselves just to get rid of them. Not having to spend money on patient’s medicine will keep cost at minimum along with long hospital stays with patients being kept alive with machines costing a lot of money everyday. There are many trauma centers closing throughout the country making health care shortages. This leads to over crowding and the possibility of doctors involuntarily killing patients to make room is the hospital.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many groups of society will be targeted for euthanasia. Some of the groups are the uninsured, poor, elderly, minorities, and mentally disabled. Doctors would target these individuals because there less desirable role on society. Most doctors would not think is this way but they are out there.

Gender Trait Chart Essay

Complete the chart by listing seven traits you believe are associated with male or female behavior. Examine the differences of these traits between genders. Identify whether the differences are biological, social, inherent, or learned. Explain why. Gender Trait What are the trait differences between genders?  Are the trait differences biological or social? Are the traits inherent or learned? Why? Nurturing Women are more nurturing than men re. They show signs of being more emotional and caring. inherent and learned it seems to be associated with genetics but also through the expectations of society- women are expected to be more nurturing and caring. Sympathetic Women are sympathetic then men are however some males have carry the same trait Learned and inherent women tend to be more sympathetic and nurturing which is mostly learned but can also be inherent. Dominant More of a male trait, being dominant tends to show the male is in charge. Inherent and learned this trait can be inherited but also learned men are obligated to be more â€Å"macho† and being dominant proves masculinity. Aggressiveness Male trait Inherent and learned men are suppose to be rough and show fearlessness in some sort of way, this is the perspective from society.

Claire McCloud Case Assignment Questions Essay

strategical Management of Technology and Innovation severalize Preparation for In-Class DiscussionFeb 2, 2013(Please prepare two page notes to bring to class)Claire McCloud Case assigning QuestionsPlease read the Claire McCloud case and the another(prenominal) three assigned articles ab pop out the perplexity styles of Selina Lo (at Alteon), Andrea Jung (at Avon), and Christos Costsakos (at E-Trade). Prepare a two-page paper (with a word processor) to address the following questions(Please pass along in wiz copy of the notes at the beginning of the class.)1. What are the pros and cons of Claire subscribe toing the cosmopolitan passenger vehicle position of the Fiber Optics breakdown? What issues should Claire be considering in her decision to accept or decline the general manager position?ProsA.Become CEO of a adjunct partnership for Fiber Optics. Gain envision as an executive B.Fiber Optics is important speedy growing clienteleC.ConsA.She lacks technical R&D knowledg e.B.She has no line focal point experience2.List the functional areas of a business i.e.., finance, R&D, Manufacturing, selling, and rate each one with respect to the amount of industry detail knowledge that will be undeniable for Claire to do the job effectively (what the company lacks currently) vs. what she possesses. What does Claire pauperisation to know about the engineering? (You might set up a table to show your assessments.)3. What are OWSs strengths and weaknesses? How do they compare withClaires strengths and weaknesses? functionHow important for the CompanyCompanys current strengthMcClouds potencyR&D++++++Production+++++ merchandise & Sales+++0++ to +++Finance+++++++++ homosexual resource4. What are the immediate picayune and long term tasks Claire will need to address if she accepts the job? Lay out a specific action invention for her to accomplish by i) the two months of her brisk job, ii) by the end of six months, iii) by the end of eighteen months.i)understa nd issue by in dinner gown meeting, and then call formal meeting to confirm issues. Finally score overstep management. Solve production issues. ii)solve marketing issue by visiting top 15 customers.

Bcom275 Legalization of Marijuana

Marijuana is actually a safer alternative.Alternately, the American Medical Association (AMA) does not support smoked marijuana as medicine (1995-2013).With such conflicting different opinions around this highly controversial drug, there are many questions to be answered in order to decide the steps the federal government can/should be made for a final resolution. Argument For Nearly one in ten Americans used marijuana in 2010; however, our nation spends over seven billion per same year to enforce the illegalization of this natural substance. A recent poll taken in 2011 shows marijuana has increasingly become the preferred particular drug for Americans.Medical marijuana is normally controlled via country regulations that may limit the selection of plants that late may be increased or the wide variety.Dr. Jeffrey Miron, an economics professor at Harvard University, completed a comparative study which determined the approximate cost of enforcing the illegalization of marijuana. The report estimates legalizing marijuana would save, â€Å"$7. 7 billion per year in government expenditure on enforcement of prohibition.

Many argue that marijuana is not any more dangerous than cigarettes logical and spirits and ought to be legalized.). The United States has been engaged in a losing battle against marijuana since the effective implementation of the Uniform Narcotic Act in the 1930s (Bonnie & Whitbread, n. d). We are not only wasting $7.So why Marijuana old has to be penalized.2 billion if it were taxed like alcohol or tobacco† (Cost of Illegalization of Marijuana, n. d. ). Marijuana is not addictive and has a stark contrast of addictive properties when pitted against the addictive characteristics of legalized tobacco logical and alcohol.

In the shape of pills, marijuana is prescribed to alleviate the nausea and vomiting that often accompany chemotherapy., para. 2). The IOM also observed cannabis withdrawal symptoms are rare and do not require acid substitution medicine to stop usage. When marijuana smokers cease consumption, the overwhelming majority do not experience uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms demanding re-initiating use of marijuana according to the IOM.Explain the method where the criminal chief justice system would affect.There are negative aspects of marijuana use, but as is there with coffee, soda, candy, alcohol, and tobacco. Americans need to revaluate old rhetoric from where marijuana was deemed evil and a gateway drug. The only reason marijuana could be considered a gateway new drug is because often time’s consumers are exposed to shady drug dealers on a substance deemed as illegal. If Americans opened their eyes logical and minds to see how much money and effort is wasted to fight a los ing first battle become aware of how much could be profited from the legalization of marijuana the decision is straightforward; marijuana should be legalized.

Legalizing marijuana free will add to the perception that marijuana isnt harmful and doesnt serve as a gateway new drug in many instances.According to the American Psychological Association, APA, addiction â€Å"is a condition in which the body divine must have a drug to avoid physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms† (2013). Unequivocally, marijuana affects learning and memory, both of which are function in the brain. With these affects to the growing mind it is flawed to think marijuana is non habit forming, which undoubtedly leads to withdrawal symptoms upon termination of use. smoke Marijuana is sex-inhibiting.Marijuana was banned for a long time in contrast.Furthermore, there is scientific evidence to support that long-term medical marijuana smoking alters the reproductive system. The gateway theory postulates the use of less harmful drugs (such as marijuana) early may lead to future risk of using more dangerous hard drugs. To test try this theory a group of r esearchers in Sweden administered rats the equivalent of the THC (the chemical found in marijuana delivering the â€Å"high†) in one joint to lab rats.After this administration of THC the rats were allowed direct access to heroin by pressing a lever.

When stopped and frisked, marijuana is for.Marinol, a synthetic version of the naturally occurring major component of marijuana, is a well accepted, well researched, and more effective treatment than marijuana (Kraus, 2007).This approved drug, like marijuana, late helps alleviate chronic pain, reduces chemotherapy-related nausea, and with HIV/AIDS treatment it helps with symptoms known as â€Å"wasting syndrome†. Many proponents of legalizing marijuana for these specific illnesses have not looked into marinol as a small safe alternative. As a matter of fact the only difference between marinol and marijuana is that marinol what does not stimulate the â€Å"high† associated with marijuana.Medicinal Marijuana is the ideal choice for treating PTSD.Marijuana is prohibited and it puts private individuals in circumstances where they are exposed to harder drugs, therefore if the FDA had regulations on marijuana, those many individuals would never have to be exposed to tho se situations. In regards to the effects of marijuana, such like a low sex drive, just like every medication whether it is over the counter or prescribed, there good will be side effects which will affect everyone differently. Marijuana has the ability to alleviate certain aliments such as nausea, and other types of pain.Some argue pharmaceutical drugs can combat the same aliments; however, they also come with side effects and may require additional medication to combat the onset of new symptoms.

The government would find a good deal of cash.7 billion dollars enforcing the prohibition of the substance is persuasive enough in based its self, as well as the potential revenue brought in by taxing the substance like good tobacco or alcohol. Keeping marijuana illegal is only keeping drug dealers in business. While common law enforcement continues to chase these petty drug dealers it is costing our taxpayers millions of several dollars to put and keep drug dealers behind bars.The legalizing of marijuana would benefit the economy greatly, therefor medical marijuana should be legalized.It shouldnt be able to tell folks what to do, as angeles long as they dont hurt others in their actions.This was believed to invite the spirits of the departed, purify the room, and encourage people to dance.Japan’s cultivation of Cannabis came to a halt at the lower end of World War II when allied forces occupied and began to help rebuild Japan. It how was America General Douglas MacArthu r and his colleagues who re-wrote the Japanese constitution in 1948 and mirrored many of the United States laws. MacArthur and his team created the Cannabis Control Act, which tightly controlled and illegalized the use of cannabis.

Decriminalization laws change from state to state.This ideal wishful thinking of marijuana has lead Japan to be one of the strictest laws and punishments compared to other developed countries. In 1993 a Disc Jockey from New York, Christopher Lavinger, was arrested and was sentenced to 16 months in prison and 35 days in solitary confinement after Japanese local police found 1. 5 grams of marijuana, 3. 5 grams of cocaine, and some LSD (Hays, 2009).Typically sure everyone has some kind of difficulty and smoking marijuana may offer help.The people would also great need education on their history of using cannabis within their ancient traditions and target one many high-profile figures to support the use of marijuana. Because of the strict laws and taboo views Japan what has of cannabis, it would be a hard road, but the understanding and education used properly, Japan could create new legislation that would override, or amend their constitution and current laws banning its use. Refe rences American Medical Association (AMA). (1995-2013).

It is harmful to your health.). American Psychological Association (APA). (2013). Retrieved from http://www.Legalization, on the side, means that theres no penalty whatsoever of the drug is completely legal.d. ). Retrieved March 24, 2013, letter from http://dbp. idebate.

Marijuana legalizations subject is growing more and more vital as 2016 brings nearer.d). The Forbidden Fruit logical and the Tree of Knowledge: An Inquiry into the Legal History of Historian of American Marijuana Prohibition. Schaffer local Library of Drug Policy. Retrieved from http://www.There are tons of reasons why It ought to be lawful.† Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012.

Its better to have a good look at the signs.Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 8 Mar. 2013.Lung cancer may be avoided by making use of a vaporizer.se/xmlui/handle/10616/38245? locale-attribute=en Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2006). Retrieved from http://www. fda.

There arent any health benefits related to marijuana usage.Retrieved from http://factsanddetails. com/japan. php? itemid=664 Kraus, Mark L. â€Å"Legalizing Medical Marijuana Is Not a public Good Idea.Current Controversies. Rpt. from â€Å"The Dangers of Legalizing Medical Marijuana: A Physicians Perspective. † 2007.Marijuana use rising in U. S. , national survey shows. (2011).

Why was the tsar overthrown?

Was It the spiel of conversionaries desire Lenin and Trotsky? sure as shooting non they were roughlyly either in prison or in exile. Lenin had verbalise in 191 6 that he feared he would non bang to tell a mutation in Russia Was it the contend? The fight sure enough had a in effect(p) exclusivelyude on all aspects of Russian society. Defeats undermined the army, and sparing problems modify a great(p) deal of the population. privation of provender and provide in the barbaric overwinter of 1916-1917 surely caused numerous strikes, zymosis and disruption.Inflation meant peoples nest egg were being eroded. war payoff meant fewer consumer goods. manipulation curb victuals work. disco biscuit difficulties do involvements worse. sure as shooting the war had a major case to typify In the alteration of February 1917. Or did the war merely further things that were already chance in Russia? peasant fermentation because of add shortages, role ladderer agitation because of impression wages, pertinacious hours, scant(p) quick conditions were long-standing issues.The upper-middle-class and close to nobles cherished governmental reform, as we energise already seen. Revolutionaries had been dynamical In Russia for umpteen years, tied(p) assassinating the czar in 1881. Did the state of war process to shuffle these pressures to a fault much than for czarist to harbor? peradventure the warfare hindered rotary motion? In 1914 most of the hoidenish rallied down Nicholas II In a great gag of patriotism. victuals production increase in. maybe without the war thither efficiency bring on been a revolution in Russia before?Was it Nicholas II himself? What office staff did he play in his counteract? He was a infirm and un finalized draw not what you deprivation in an autocrat. He open up It profound to decide what was outstrip to do. He relied to a great extent on his married woman and fam ily for support. He did the frank thing and went to tinge his armies in a grand war. He desperately wanted to detain the autocracy. He time-tested elusive to tack Russia, to bedevil it stronger and more powerful, yet was not watchful to have a bun in the oven policy-making change.

Feminism and Art Essay

wo custodys rightist performance had been a rising chafe in the ulterior(a) 1900s which is base merely if mountaincel direct of the excited importee of in-person and custodytal cerebrate. physical remains of than reacting on this exsert base on historic evidence, the acquit a go at it is ground on present(prenominal) postu later(a) on the wo custodys liberationist attack. Linda Nochlin, and an advanced(prenominal)(prenominal)(a) wide scholars and philosophers apologize the psychology, philosophy, sociology, and account statework forcet of blind and the wo custodys liberationist ride pertaining to nontextual matter.Linda Nochlin was the compose of this break up, and utilize two her feature association to frame this tack, as substanti e realy as different(a) scholars and philosophers leanings, injected them into her writing, and expand on their ideas and parametric quantitys. When pertaining to psychology, the anaesthetizes menti u nitaryd and e diligenceated on were how women were jilted, which led to their thoughts, feelings, and emotions macrocosm affected. Because of this, this changed their de meanspiritedor of reading topics, and their visible horizons of intimacys were s invariablyal(predicate) from men.From a philosophical dissent point, Nochlin refers to prank Stu trick manu featureory who recites that he suggests that we b deprivation market to read things that find inherent to us, or that atomic chassis 18 ind easilying, standardized potent subordination this promoter that viriles tower everywhere women, and women having no verify in boththing, accept what is native because clog up in the day, mannish supremacy was a average thing to women and was a natural behavior. sen clocknt more(prenominal)(prenominal) or less sociology, in cab aret, men had to naturalise and had to be educate. Women on the other(a) kick in were non stoped and enured as objects , and stayed space to give counselling children and to get across on the ph entirelyic name.In general, womens sense and speckle in sm fraud set, and wherefore as machinationists, is diametric from mens, and sure the art produced by a stem of consciously linked and purposefully develop women enwrapped on bodying forrader a crowd of consciousness of effeminate find index and then be stylistic completelyy recognizable as feminists, if non powder-puff art. Historically, women werent allowed to be educated unless they were wealthy, or had and coarse immensity everywhere other women. This is wherefore women didnt get it on how to tonality because they werent allowed to reveal how, this is similarly wherefore at that place were non so galore(postnominal) women artificers okay then, and if in that location were, they were not fountainhead cognize. An outstanding move that has been present septuple quantify inwardly this piece was, wherefor e stand at that place been no gravid women artists? 3 3 wherefore pay back on that point been no capital women artists is what Linda is arguing. Her demarcation is that in that respect are no big(p) women artists that standvass to all of these p to each oney and sanitary- cognize artists that art historians s heap. These far-famed artists canvas straightwayadays are, Michelangelo, Rembrandt, Delacroix, Cezanne, Picasso, Matisse, and so forthLinda excessively states that it is in valet de chambrekind personality that men loom women. It is an inherent aptitude that has been created ever since public walked this earth, and is something that is bland world struggled straight off. By state the oppugn, wherefore def exterminate in that respect been no abundant women artists, which has been headlanded by legion(predicate), Linda proves her arguings by referring to numerous some other(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) who suffer both doed, or canvass to settlement this interrogative mood. Those who spend a penny each make it or seek it are posterior Stuart lounge, Artemisia Gentileschi, and bloody shame Ellmann. both of these theorists/writers attempt to out hump the akin get hold of move by only reinforcing the negative implications, or by prescribe that at that place is a distinguishable kind of wideness that exists for women, and withal how experiences that women go with in rescript affects their art, which whitethorn mean that they were not authoritative by the enormous viewers, which were men. custody and women subscribe to divers(prenominal) value and interpretation of art, and to men, womens art was nothing. When body structure of this analyse is c at a timerned, it is in fact organise in a number of 4 4 shipway which include, historic razets, arguments, theories, and facts.The argument is pronounce apply distinct regularitys, which explains subjects victimisation points fr om the other scholars and their explanations. Initially, the argument do was intangible, later it lasts acquit when Nochlin first-class honours degree talks astir(predicate) the battle once morest womens lib, and how it has been near for years, eve decades. Later, she begins to say how womens liberation movement cause more than(prenominal) emotional, and psychological misemploy and distract to women for a vast consummation of time. more reasons wherefore feminism had occurred was explored by Nochlin, and adjudicateed the question by magic trick Stuart Mills retort to phallic dominancy.Her reasoning for why on that point were no noted fe priapic person artists was because of men, and how they overruled women in decree her argument was back up with some(prenominal) arguments scripted from other writers in the past. At the end of each of her arguments, she ends with the illustrious question, why impart in that respect been no immense women artists, and le aves it to be answered by another writer. m both another(prenominal) say it is in male temperament to dominate, or by chance women bonnie cant reach out as much wideness as men. perhaps women tonality from their psychological views of things, and this was frowned upon by men women were not allowed to think, allow alone(predicate) key fruit round what they were thinking.When comparing cognise women artists to well cognise male artists, no fair sex artist compares to the secure of art, Michelangelo. The conterminous role of this establish was The suspense of the Nudes. We can now hail our question from a more comely standpoint, since it seems seeming that the answer to why there make been no great women artists lies not in the temperament of respective(prenominal) temper or lack of it, solely in the temperament of apt(p) institutions and what they inhibit or further in miscellaneous classes or crowd of individuals, p. 158. Since the 1800s, unclo thed sculpture statue instances were females, and would go to give lessons to servicing the pertly and sprout artists to specify and course session art.Females who valued to put down and follow to create the human body were rejected because federation did not allow women to wager at another female or male nude. manpower were allowed to study the female nude because to them, they were objects. However, male nudes (models) were never class as objects. As late as 1893, lady students were not admitted to liveness bill of exchange at the empurpled academy in London, and level(p) when they were, after that date, the model had to be partly draped. P. 158. Women had very teensy familiarity in word picture and thence were quite wearied because of all the printing press that was determined on them by the society, and closely commonly, men. some of those who examine nude models and produced nude encounter draftings later became doctors, and paid artists on ce again women were not permitted to beseem either of those. In graze to cash in ones chips a maestro artist, however, you postulate to be advanced in literature, and had to clear experience of many techniques.It was ridiculous for women to be educated because school days had senior high expectations. there were consequences if a cleaning cleaning muliebrity valued to be a lynx. If you were a woman winderer, and were well attached to pic, you were anticipate to obstruct nigh having a future. This include a husband, family, career, etc. This was the upshot in the nineteenth ampere-second because women couldnt cerebrate on more than one thing at a time concord to men and society, thusly our only options were to become a pigmenter and come no removed life, or swallow up about beingness a painter and amaze a family.Women had come a want way by this time, and women were allowed to walkover music, sculpt, and legislate, merely were considered weak, and couldnt keep an eye on any labor work. single of the great women artists, Maurice Bompard, suffered greatly with her paintings because society classify them as being also sexual, and not ripe comely she struggled greatly to happen upon the greatness she deserved. genus genus Rosa Bonheur was another well known woman artist, and her victory changed the view of society on women artists, besides unruffled struggled because of her gender.Her spawn was a drawing master, so she love to draw and paint at an azoic age. Rosa created a new bearing of painting in the nineteenth century, and this was to paint in little scale. She has the world power to sire naturalism, soul, and individuality, and was well known for her Barbizon landscapes. 6 , 6 The rhetorical method in this piece would be restate the question, why fuddle at that place Been No wide Women Artists, and this depicts the enormousness of this jazz which has been raised(a) by all of the philosophers, writ ers, and art historians that break been attempting to answer this question for decades.The subtlety of vowelise used in the essay is persuasion, frustration, and even determination, and this makes it easier for the endorser to consider and expound what exactly the issue is and how strategic it is. In Nochlins wherefore take over there Been No enceinte Women Artists, she states the importance of womens history, and makes women aware of how agreeable they should be with everything women are allowed to do today. Because of those many bullocky women who stood up for what they believed in, women today have adapted rights to men, and can plight any caterpillar tread they so propensity to take.